[Programming Problem] K Closest Points to Origin

Given an array of points where points[i] = [xi, yi] represents a point on the X-Y plane and an integer k, return the k closest points to the origin (0, 0).

The distance between two points on the X-Y plane is the Euclidean distance (i.e., √(x1 – x2)^2 + (y1 – y2)^2).

You may return the answer in any order. The answer is guaranteed to be unique (except for the order that it is in).

Example 1:
Input: points = [[1,3],[-2,2]], k = 1
Output: [[-2,2]]
Explanation:
The distance between (1, 3) and the origin is sqrt(10).
The distance between (-2, 2) and the origin is sqrt(8).
Since sqrt(8) < sqrt(10), (-2, 2) is closer to the origin.
We only want the closest k = 1 points from the origin, so the answer is just [[-2,2]].
 
Example 2:
Input: points = [[3,3],[5,-1],[-2,4]], k = 2
Output: [[3,3],[-2,4]]
Explanation: The answer [[-2,4],[3,3]] would also be accepted.

[problem link]

  • Create point object that contains x, y co-ordinates and distance from origin.
  • Keep adding points to max heap. Custom comparator that uses distance (inside the point object) as key.
  • Make sure size of heap does not go higher than K
  • In the end, the K points in the heap are your solution
  • Since size of heap capped at k, Time complexity nlogK Time complexity logK
import java.util.*;
 
class Point {
    int x;
    int y;
    double dist;
    public Point(int x, int y) {
        this.x = x;
        this.y = y;
        this.dist = Math.sqrt(Math.pow(x * 1.0, 2) + Math.pow(y * 1.0, 2));
    }
}
 
class Solution {
    public int[][] kClosest(int[][] points, int k) {
        PriorityQueue maxHeap = new PriorityQueue<Point>((x, y) -> Double.compare(y.dist, x.dist));
        for (int i = 0 ; i < points.length ; i++ ) {
            maxHeap.offer(new Point(points[i][0], points[i][1]));
            if (maxHeap.size() >= k+1) maxHeap.poll();
        }
 
        int ret[][] = new int[maxHeap.size()][2];
        int i = 0;
        while (maxHeap.size() > 0) {
            Point p = (Point) maxHeap.poll();
            ret[i][0] = p.x;
            ret[i][1] = p.y;
            i++;
        }
 
        return ret;
    }
}

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